COVID-19 vaccines, whether mRNA or viral vector-based, work by stimulating the immune system. They do not contain any agents that can directly attack lung tissue. When a person experiences effects after the injection, it is most often a normal immune response. This response indicates that the body is learning to recognize the virus in order to better defend itself later.
Some reactions may cause general fatigue, a slight fever, or a feeling of tightness in the chest. These signs do not indicate lung damage but rather the body’s effort to produce antibodies. The breathing difficulties reported by some patients may also stem from anxiety or fear of needles, phenomena well-known in the medical field.
